Innova Drilling & Intervention
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    • 1.0 - System Requirements
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      • 6.1 - File Menu
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      • 6.6 - Plots Menu
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      • 13.1 - Activity Codes
      • 13.2 - Cost Codes
      • 13.3 - Phase Codes
      • 13.4– Daily Reporting
      • 13.5 – Drill String Editor
      • 13.6 - Tool Inventory
      • 13.7 – Shipping Addresses
      • 13.8 – Shipping Ticket
      • 13.9 – Pipe Tally
      • 13.10 – Slide Sheet
      • 13.11 – Directional Drilling Dashboard
      • 13.12 – Well Analytics
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      • 13.16 – Export Reporting Data
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      • 13.19 – In Zone %
      • 13.20 – Recover Slide Sheet from DDR
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    • 14.0 - Well Analytics
    • 15.0 - AFE Plan Designer
    • Appendix A – Software Licensing
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    • Appendix C - Acknowledgements
    • Appendix D – Error Model Description
    • Appendix E – Drill String Editor Component Properties
    • Appendix F–Slide Sheet Column Options
  • Innova Engineering Manual
    • System Requirements
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    • 1.0 - Software Overview
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    • 10.0 - Cementing Tab
    • 11.0 - Chart Results
    • 12.0 - Table Results
    • Appendix A – Software Licensing
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    • Appendix C – Axial and Cross Axial Magnetic Correction
    • Appendix D – Pole Strengths
    • Appendix E – Component Details
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    • Appendix A – Setting Up A New User
    • 12 User Management
  • Web Portal Manual
    • 1.0 - Login
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      • 6.1 - Well Details
      • 6.3 - Anti Collision
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      • 11.3 - Rig Names
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          • Update to Multi-Nudge Dialog
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          • DD Dashboard Introduction
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          • Recover Slide Sheet from DDR
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      • Innova Engineering
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      • Innova App
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    • Innova Online Training
      • Well Seeker Pro
        • 01 - Well Seeker Pro Introduction
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        • 04 - Well Seeker Pro Well Planning Introduction
        • 05 - Well Seeker Pro Introduction to Anti Collision
        • 06 - Well Seeker Pro Directional Drilling Tools
        • 07 - Well Seeker Pro Daily Reporting Job Setup
        • 08 - Well Seeker Pro Daily Reporting Operations
        • 09 - Well Seeker Pro Daily Reporting End of Well
        • 10 - Well Seeker Pro Well Analytics
        • 11 - Well Seeker Pro Chart Properties
        • 12 - Well Seeker Pro Server Db Ops Video Part 1
          • 12 - Db Ops Part 1 - w/ RT Data Exchange
          • 12 - Db Ops Part 1 - w/ Data Synchronization
        • 13 - Well Seeker Pro Server Db Ops Video Part 2
        • 14 - Well Seeker Pro WITS WITSML Functionality
        • 15 - Well Seeker Pro Directional Drilling Dashboard
      • Innova Engineering
        • 01 - Innova Engineering Introduction
        • 02 - Innova Engineering Hydraulics
        • 03 - Innova Engineering Torque and Drag
        • 04 - Innova Engineering Charts & Reports
        • 05 - SCC and Magnetic Interference
        • 06 - SAG Correction
  • Technical Notes
    • High Priority
      • WS 3D Plot Issues
      • Check for Update Function
      • Data Synchronization Feature Update
      • Products & Features and User Permissions Update
      • WS 3D Chart C2C Distance Critical Update
      • Critical update for Anti-Collision in Inc Only Wells
    • Medium Priority
      • Slide Sheet Overwrite Issue
    • Low Priority
      • AC Report vs RTAC Dialog
      • Build Turn Planning Method From Vertical
      • Data Fetch Update
      • EDM Import Function Update
      • Excel Report Printing Error
      • Force Layout Reset
      • Hardware Malfunction casuing WITS related error
      • Inclination Only IPMs Sensitivity to Zero Inclination
      • IPM File Management
      • Large Well Seeker Database
      • Login Credential Management Change
      • Missing MFPlat.DLL Error
      • Missing MFC140U.DLL Error
      • Missing Microsoft Edge Update
      • Missing SQL Driver
      • Offset Selector - C2C Global Scan
      • Remote Data Fetch Icons Missing
      • Remote Data Fetch Procedural Recommendations
      • Sidetrack Reporting
      • Survey Tool BGS integration
      • Target Line Dip Angle Adjusted For Azimuth Changes
      • Third Party Survey Correction Integration
      • Troubleshooting Anti-Collision
      • Update to Multi-Nudge Projection Dialog
      • Up/Down discrepancies with Target Line Changes in 3D Laterals
      • Unit Set File Format Updated
      • Well Seeker X Failure to Open
      • Well Seeker Pro Import Function Update
      • Well Seeker Pro Change to UD LR Logic at low inclination
      • Error Ellipses at Sidetrack Depth – Well Seeker vs Compass Comparison
      • Well Seeker Pro CRS Updated Functionality
      • Well Seeker Pro - Compass EDM Erroneous Grid Convergence
      • Well Seeker Pro - Real Time Data Exchange Update
      • Well Seeker Pro - Slide Sheet Crash in v2.2.1.1
      • Well Seeker Pro - Slide Sheet Update
      • WSP & Innova Portal - Object Validation Feature
      • WSP - Solo Cloud Target Lines Update
      • WSP - Charts & WPC Improvements
      • WS - New Outlook Email Automation Unavailable
      • Well Seeker X: Displays Not Fully Visible
  • Development
    • Innova Cloud Portal (ICP) API
    • Accessing the API for Non-Programmers
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On this page
  • 1.0 - Introduction
  • 2.0 - Inputs
  • 2.1 - Case Details
  • 2.2 - Input Parameters
  • 2.3 - Input Tables
  • 3.0 – Results
  • 3.1 – Chart Controls Menu
  • 3.2 – Hydraulics
  • 3.3 – Torque & Drag
  • 3.4 – Well Control
  • 3.5 – BHA Analysis

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  1. App & Portal Guides

Web Portal Engineering Quick Start Guide

A guide to the Engineering page in the Innova Web Portal

PreviousWeb Portal Data Acquisition and EDR GuideNextWeb Portal - MFA Guide

Last updated 5 months ago

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1.0 - Introduction

The Engineering Dashboard is a feature in the Innova Web Portal that allows the user to run torque & drag, BHA analysis, well control and hydraulics calculations against the wells stored on any relevant server database.

This document will guide the user through setting up an engineering case for their well, running the calculation and viewing the results. The user should follow the below chapters in order.

2.0 - Inputs

Before using the Engineering Dashboard, make sure that the correct well has been selected. The currently selected well is displayed in the top left of the portal.

Select a well by clicking on its name in the Wells List page. Or by clicking on the Select Well option in the top right corner. Note that only actual wells can be selected, and that the desired well must have a status assigned before it can be seen or selected in the Wells List or the Select Well option.

The units used for inputs and outputs in the Engineering Dashboard are governed by the user’s currently selected Unit Set. Unit sets can be changed by opening the User Profile Menu in the top right of the page and then selecting Change Units.

Once a well has been selected, the Engineering Dashboard is then available to select from the Well Views section located down the left hand side of the portal. If the Engineering Dashboard is not showing in the list the user should check with their system admin to make sure this feature is enabled in the role they have assigned.

Inputs for the Engineering model are entered in the Input Parameters section on the left and the Input Tables section at the bottom of the page Engineering Dashboard page.

Before entering any inputs, the user should first create or select an Engineering case in the Case Details section. Once a case has been created or selected, all the input options will then be available to populate.

2.1 - Case Details

Different Engineering setups for each well are stored in the Innova Portal as cases. This could be cases for different BHA configurations, different hole sections, casing runs etc. Before any inputs are entered, a case needs to be created or selected in the Selected Case field.

Active: Toggling this on marks the currently selected case as the active case. Each time the Engineering Dashboard is opened for a given well, it will default to the active case; however, the user can still select and edit other cases which are not active.

Calculation Depth: This is the depth at which the calculation will be run and the depth at which snap shot calculations will be performed. This depth must be within the range of the principle plan or surveys for the well.

2.1.1 – Copying a Case or BHA from another well

2.2 - Input Parameters

After the case has been set up, the user can begin entering parameters into each of the sections below the Case Details. Note that initially when no cases have been created, none of these input parameters will be displayed. At least one case has to be created before these options appear in the list.

Depending on the results that interest you, not all of the input parameters are necessary to fill in.

2.2.1 - Drilling Parameters

ROP: Rate of penetration. This is used to calculate the cuttings loaded (Dirty) ECD’s and other hole cleaning parameters.

RPM: The rotational speed of the drill string at surface. Affects standpipe pressure results, reaming hookloads and reaming torques.

WOB: The weight on bit while rotary drilling.

WOB – Slide: The weight on bit when sliding.

2.2.2 - Mud

The inputs available in this section depend on the hydraulics model selected in the Hydraulics section (2.2.3 – Hydraulics). If Bingham Plastic is selected, only the Mud Weight, PV, and YP will be available to enter. If any other model is selected, the Mud Rheology fields will also be available.

Description: Enter a descriptive name for the drilling fluid used in the case.

Mud Weight: The density of the drilling mud.

PV: Mud plastic viscosity. Only used if Bingham plastic hydraulics model is selected.

YP: Mud yield point. Only used if Bingham Plastic hydraulics model is selected.

Mud Rheology: The Fann dial readings of the drilling fluid (600, 300, 200, 100, 6, 3) are used for all hydraulics models except Bingham Plastic.

2.2.3 - Hydraulics

Model: Choose between Bingham Plastic, Power Law, Herschel Bulkley or Robertson Stiff. Bingham plastic uses PV, YP and mud weight, while all other models use Mud Rheology and Mud Weight.

Surface Pressure Loss: The pressure loss through the surface equipment. This value is added to the total standpipe pressure calculated by the model.

Surge & Swab Type: Specifies if the surge and swab calculation to be carried out is Open or Closed Ended.

Surge & Swab Ref: The location in the wellbore where the surge / swab results will be calculated. Select from the drop down box:

Bit – Bit depth.

Shoe – Uses the shoe depth of the deepest casing, taken from the Wellbore table.

Bottom Hole – Uses the deepest survey in the Surveys table.

User Defined – Enables the Reference Depth field where the user can enter a custom reference point.

2.2.4 - Advanced – Surge & Swab

Continuous Circulation: Used to model coiled tubing. Assumes circulation while tripping, this means that swab effects will be less and surge effects will be more depending on flow rate. The first flow rate in the Flow Rates table is used to determine the annular velocity generated by the circulating fluid.

Continuous Tripping: This option assumes continuous tripping, and as a result will only calculate one acceleration phase (on the first stand length) and one deceleration phase (on the last stand length). This option is best used to model coiled tubing.

Include Gels: Include the additional pressure required to break down the gels. This is normally fairly small.

Include Pipe Acceleration: This option allows the user to include or exclude pipe acceleration. When this is included, the calculation will use an acceleration and deceleration phase for each stand length. When it is not included, the Trip Speeds table will be used for the whole stand with no acceleration or deceleration phase.

Limit Acceleration: This option limits the additional surge pressures due to acceleration to a maximum of 2x the current max surge pressure. This stops very large (artificial) equivalent mud weights being generated when very shallow.

Use bit TFA: This option allows the user to use the bit TFA when running open ended surge and swab calculations. This will only work for assemblies which have a bit and a TFA entered. When this selection is off, the Engineering Dashboard uses the internal diameter of the last component.

Min EMW: Sets the minimum acceptable effective mud weight limit for the Tripping Speeds chart.

Max EMW: Sets the maximum acceptable effective mud weight limit for the Tripping Speeds chart.

2.2.5 - Advanced – Hydraulics

Include Stabilizers: When this option is toggled off, the Dashboard will not consider stabilizer blades or casing centralisers when calculating hydraulics.

ECD Adjustment: An optional manual adjustment to all the ECD curves to better match the model with MWD PWD data.

SPP Safety Factor: Enter a percentage value here to increase the stand pipe pressure by the specified amount. Pipe Pressure Loss, Annular Pressure Loss and SPP values are all adjusted to reflect this input.

Interval: Determines the interval between calculated points. For example, a step interval of 10 generates a data point every 10 meters, or feet, measured depth.

2.2.6 - Torque & Drag

Auto Bit Torque: When toggled on, the torque generated by the bit is calculated automatically using the bit OD and the WOB. Toggle off to enter a user defined value.

Block Weight: The weight of the rig travelling block.

Overpull: The overpull applied to the assembly when pulling out of hole.

Reaming Speed: The pipe speed up/down when reaming in and out. Used to calculate reaming hook loads and torques. It is also used to calculate the viscous drag if enabled in the section below.

2.2.7 - Advanced – Torque & Drag

Casing Wear Factor: Defined as the ratio of friction factor to specific energy (units E-10psi-1), the casing wear factor is used to quantify the effects of pipe/casing material and drilling fluid on casing wear. The table below should be used as a guide for casing wear factor selection.

Viscous Drag: Toggle on to take into consideration the drag caused by pulling the string through the mud. This only affects the PU and SO weights.

Side Force Units: Specifies the unit length of the calculated side force. If you are using side force to predict casing wear, this should be set to the length of a tool joint (i.e. 30ft or 10m).

2.2.8 - Tortuosity

In some situations, it may be necessary to add tortuosity to better simulate real life conditions.

Apply Tortuosity: Toggle this on to add some extra tortuosity to the wellbore. Makes other tortuosity options in the section available.

Depth Range: If this is toggled off, tortuosity will be added to all surveys in the table. If toggled on, the user can define the depth range where tortuosity is applied by entering a Start Depth and an End Depth.

Method: Choose whether the tortuosity is applied in the form of a sinusoidal wave or randomly.

Period: The length of one cycle of tortuosity. Cycles of tortuosity are repeated down the length of the depth range. Only available when Sinusoidal is selected as the method.

2.2.9 - Well Control

This section applies to the calculation for the Kick Tolerance results chart.

LOT / FIT: The leak off or formation integrity test pressure.

Gas Gradient: The expected pressure gradient of the influx fluid.

Kick Intensity: The value of the kick above the pore pressure.

Safety Margin: The safety margin in pressure units.

Pit Gain: The expected pit gain before the well is shut in.

2.2.10 – Casing Standoff

Currently the Casing Standoff module is not available. These inputs will have no effect on the calculation results.

2.3 - Input Tables

At the bottom of the page, below the results charts, are the Input Tables. These tables must be filled in to run the torque & drag and hydraulics calculations for the Engineering model. The exception to this is the Kick Tolerance Limits table, which is only required for the Kick Tolerance result.

2.3.1 - Flow Rates

Enter the pump flow rates that will be used for the hydraulics modelling. The torque and drag modelling also requires one flow rate to be entered. If multiple flow rates are entered, the torque and drag calculation will use the FIRST value in the list.

2.3.2 - Trip Speeds

Enter the pipe tripping speeds that will be used for the hydraulics modelling. The torque and drag modelling also requires one trip speed to be entered. If multiple trip speeds are entered, the torque and drag calculation will use the first value in the list.

2.3.3 - Friction Factors

Enter the friction factors that will be for the torque and drag modelling. Each friction factor has a value for cased hole and a value for open hole.

2.3.4 - Kick Tolerance Limits

Enter the kick tolerance limits for the case. By default the values in the table will be the same as the image below. The names of the first three warnings levels cannot be changed. New warning levels can be added, and given any appropriate name, but these will be coloured green on the Kick Tolerance results chart.

2.3.5 - Wellbore

This section allows the user to define the well construction. Before entering data, make sure a Wellbore has been selected or created in the Case Details section. Multiple wellbores can be saved to the same case, allowing the user to quickly switch between well configurations. The values shown here reflect the wellbore selected in the Case Details Section.

Note that the user should not enter all of the planned casings here. The user should only enter casings which affect the annular space for the relevant section they are modelling. For example, if drilling an 8.5” section which has 9 5/8” casing back to surface, the user would not enter the details of the 13 3/8” casing as this has been isolated by the 9 5/8” casing and does not affect the annulus for this section.

The section type is selected from the drop down in the Comp Type column and the depth is entered in the MD column. The ID of the section is entered in the ID column, and the OD is entered in the OD column. When Open Hole is selected, the OD cell will automatically populate with the same value entered in the ID cell.

A list of the hole section types can be found below:

Open Hole: This must always be the last item in the list

Casing: Casing can be positioned below a riser, open water, or an air gap but must be above a liner or open hole. Multiple casing sections can be added to represent a tapered casing string.

Liner: Must be positioned below casing and above open hole

Air Gap: If drilling in open water without a riser, this must be the first item entered and the next item must be open water.

Open Water: If drilling in open water without a riser, this must be below air gap and must be the second item.

Riser: If drilling with a riser, this must be the first item entered.

2.3.6 - Drill String

The BHA chosen in the Case Details section will be displayed in the Drill String table for the well.

The drill string can be edited in the same way as in the Drill String page. The Tool Inventory and Component Catalogue can be opened by clicking on their names to the right. Left click and drag items into the string to insert them.

Note: Any changes made in this table will also affect the drill string saved in the Drill String page for the well. BHA’s can also be created from scratch in this section if required.

2.3.7 - Surveys

In this table, the surveys from the Surveys page in the portal will be displayed.

In the planning stages of a well, where there is a principle plan but no surveys, this section will be blank, with only the tie-on line from surface. When a calculation is run, it will see that there are no surveys available and default to use the principle plan instead. Note that in this situation, if none of the plans are selected as principle, then the calculation will not run.

During the drilling phase, when there are surveys displaying in this section, the calculation will always use the surveys as default. If the calculation depth exceeds the depth of the deepest survey, then the calculation will use a composite listing of the surveys, down to their deepest point, and then tie the plan on from there to the calculation depth.

Note: Any changes made in this table will also affect the surveys saved in the Surveys page for the well.

3.0 – Results

Once the user has entered all of the relevant data into the Input Parameters and Input Tables sections, they can now run the Engineering case and generate results.

Results charts can be selected in the Results Menu to the left of the chart area, and are split into four categories – Hydraulics, Torque & Drag, Well Control, and BHA Analysis. Click on a category in the Results menu to expand it and reveal the individual results charts for that category. The 5th category, Casing Standoff, is currently not accessible.

When viewing a chart, any warnings or errors for that chart will appear at the top of the Results Menu. A warning represents an issue with the inputs for the engineering case that could be affecting the results of the current chart. An error represents an issue with the inputs that is preventing the calculation from generating a result. For more details, hover over the warnings or errors icon.

On any chart, use the mouse scroll wheel to zoom in and out of the chart. Left click and drag to move the viewing area of the chart around. Hover over a line on the chart to read the X and Y axis values at that point. Left clicking any series in the legend will toggle the visibility of a series off /on from the chart.

3.1 – Chart Controls Menu

This menu contains the Calculate function, which the user must click to run the model for their case. It also contains functions that allow the user to customize the charts, display additional drilling data, or export the model results. The functions that are available will vary depending on the chart currently being viewed.

The Chart Controls menu contains the following functions:

Export as Image: In addition to the export options in the Chart Controls menu, the user can also export the current chart as an image. To do so, right click on the chart and select Save image as to save the chart to an image file. Alternatively, select Copy image to copy the chart to the clipboard.

3.2 – Hydraulics

Expand the Hydraulics section to access the Hydraulics results charts.

3.2.1 - Pump Pressure

This chart displays the standpipe pressure (SPP) expected at surface when the bit is at the depth specified on the Y-Axis. There will be a line displayed for each of the flow rates entered in the Flow Rates input table. Slide sheet and EDR on/off bottom pressure data can be overlayed on this chart.

3.2.2 - ECD

This chart displays the following lines for each of the flowrates entered in the Flow Rates input table:

Clean ECD: The ECD at the end of the string, when the bit is at the depth specified on the Y-Axis, based on a cuttings-free annulus.

Dirty ECD: The ECD at the end of the string, when the bit is at the depth specified on the Y-Axis, based on a cuttings-loaded annulus. The volume of cuttings in the annulus is calculated based on the ROP entered in the Drilling Parameters section. If the ROP is entered as zero then the clean and dirty ECD lines will lie on top of each other.

Mud Weight The Mud Weight entered in the Mud section.

3.2.3 - ECD Snapshot

The ECD snapshot chart shows the expected ECD at each point in the annulus when the bit is at the Calculation Depth specified in the Case Details section. This line is generated based on a cuttings free annulus, which means that the last points for both the ECD chart and the ECD Snapshot will be the same.

The chart displays a line for each of the flow rates entered in the Flow Rates input table. Additionally the Mud Weight entered in the Mud section will also be displayed.

3.2.4 - Surge & Swab

This chart displays the surge and swab lines for each of the tripping speeds entered in the Trip Speeds table.

The Y axis corresponds to the bit depth regardless of what has been selected as the Surge & Swab Reference in the Hydraulics section. The results, however, display the calculated values at the surge & swab reference based on the bit position. So if for example you have the reference point selected as the bottom of the hole, when you look at the chart, it will be displaying the surge and swab pressures at the bottom of the hole, when the bit is at any given depth.

3.2.5 – Tripping Speeds

This chart shows the maximum speed that you can trip in and out of the well, without causing surge & swab effects that would push the effective mud weight (EMW) beyond limits specified by the user. The Y-Axis shows the measured depth, while the X-Axis displays the tripping in/out speed.

The minimum and maximum allowed EMW are set in the Input Parameters under the Advanced – Surge & Swab section.

3.2.6 - Minimum Flow for Hole Cleaning

The minimum flow rate plot is a snapshot chart which shows the minimum flow required to keep the hole clean at all points in the wellbore for a range of ROPs at a certain depth. The ROP value in the Drilling Parameters section will be used as the lowest ROP and 4 additional ROP values that are 125%, 150%, 200% & 250% larger will be automatically generated.

To interpret the plot, the user needs to find the largest flow rate for any one ROP and that will be the minimum flow that is required at that depth to keep the hole clean. This can be done by hovering the mouse pointers over the desired line.

3.3 – Torque & Drag

Expand the Torque & Drag section to access the Torque & Drag results charts.

3.3.1 - Drillers Hookloads

This chart displays the calculated hookload values for slack-off (tripping in), rotating off bottom and pickup (tripping out). For slack-off and pickup, there will be a line represented for each set of friction factors entered in the Friction Factors table. The Y-Axis denotes the bit position.

The minimum weight to helically buckle (tripping in) will also be displayed on this chart. Any tripping in line which crosses this limit will start to experience buckling in the string. At this point it may be difficult to effectively transfer weight down hole and the string may need to be rotated in order to get to bottom. From the chart, you can tell the string depth and hookload where the buckling will occur, but you will not be able to determine where in the string the buckling is occurring. To determine this, consult the on and off bottom tension snapshot charts. Slide sheet and EDR pick up, slack off and rotating off bottom data can be overlayed on this chart.

3.3.2 – Calculated Friction Factors

The Calculated Friction Factors chart combines the data entered by the user for the case with recorded WITS and slide sheet data, to try and back-calculate friction factors for the well bore.

The chart will generate two lines based on the Pick Up hookloads and Slack Off hookloads recorded in the slide sheet. This requires drilling parameter data to be recorded in the Slide Sheet page for the well. It will also generate four lines based on WITS data recorded when Picking Up, Slacking Off, Tripping In and Tripping Out. This requires WITS data for the well to be stored in the Data Acquisition section and the operation is automatically determined via the rig states. If the stored drilling parameter or WITS data is updated, the charts must be refreshed by clicking on the Refresh Drilling Parameters button beside the Calculate button.

3.3.3 - Drillers Torques

This chart displays the on and off bottom torques. For each operation, there will be a line represented for each set of friction factors entered in the Friction Factors table. The Y-Axis denotes the bit position. Slide sheet and EDR on bottom torque data can be overlayed on this chart.

3.3.4 - On Bottom Tension Snapshot

This chart is a snapshot chart, meaning that the bit depth stays at the calculation depth specified in the Case Details section. The Y-Axis value denotes the position in the drill string, while the X-Axis value shows the tension in the string at that point. The chart displays the following lines:

Rotating on Bottom: Rotating with the WOB from the Drilling Parameters section applied.

Sliding: A Sliding line will be represented for each of the entered friction factors.

Sinusoidal Buckling: If the Rotating or Sliding lines cross this threshold, the string will experience sinusoidal buckling at that point. The further the line drops below the threshold, the more severe the buckling during the activity in question.

Helical Buckling: If the Rotating or Sliding lines cross this threshold, the string will experience helical buckling at that point. The further the line drops below the threshold, the more severe the buckling during the activity in question.

3.3.5 - Off Bottom Tension Snapshot

This chart is a snapshot chart, meaning that the bit depth stays at the calculation depth specified in the Case Details section. The Y-Axis value denotes the position in the drill string, while the X-Axis value shows the tension in the string at that point. The chart displays the following lines:

The chart displays the following lines:

Rotating off Bottom: Rotating off bottom with no WOB applied.

Pick-up (PU): A Pickup line will be represented for each of the entered in the Friction Factors table.

Slack-of (SO): A Slack Off line will be represented for each of the entered in the Friction Factors table.

Sinusoidal Buckling: If the Rotating or Sliding lines cross this threshold, the string will experience sinusoidal buckling at that point. The further the line drops below the threshold, the more severe the buckling during the activity in question.

Helical Buckling: If the Rotating or Sliding lines cross this threshold, the string will experience helical buckling at that point. The further the line drops below the threshold, the more severe the buckling during the activity in question.

3.3.6 - Side Force

This chart is a snapshot chart, meaning that the bit depth stays at the calculation depth specified in the Case Details section. The Y-Axis value denotes the position in the drill string, while the X-Axis value shows the side force in the string at that point.

The chart displays the rotating side force along with the pickup and slack off side forces for each set of friction factors entered in the Friction Factors table.

3.3.7 - Apparent WOB

This chart displays the apparent weight on bit (WOB) required at any given depth to achieve the actual WOB entered in the Drilling Parameters section.

To read the chart the user should select the measured depth of interest and note the apparent WOB for each of the friction factors at that depth. These are the WOB values the driller will need to see at surface in order to achieve the desired actual WOB down hole at the bit.

3.3.8 - Pipe Twist

This chart displays the number of completed revolutions that the rotary table must be turned in order to turn the bit. A line will be represented for each of the friction factors entered in the Friction Factors table. The Y-Axis denotes the bit position.

3.3.9 - Pipe Stretch

This chart displays the amount of pipe elongation the user would see when picking up, for each of the friction factors entered in the Friction Factors table. The Y-Axis denotes the bit position.

3.4 – Well Control

The Well Control section currently contains one results chart – the Kick Tolerance chart.

3.4.1 - Kick Tolerance

Displays the kick tolerance for the well, based on the inputs in the Well Control section, when the bit is at the depth specified on the Y-Axis.

The blue lines represent the kick tolerance for an influx, while the red lines represent the swab kick tolerance. For each there is a line for the mud weight as well as lines for ±0.5 MW units and ±1 MW units.

In the Kick Tolerance Limits input table, the user can enter the warning levels for different amounts of kick tolerance. Under the Chart Controls menu, toggle on Shade Limits to display these warning levels as regions on the chart.

3.5 – BHA Analysis

Expand the BHA Analysis section to access the BHA Analysis results charts. Note that as this calculation uses finite element analysis (FEA), it will take longer to calculate than the torque and drag and hydraulics, and this is expected.

3.5.1 – 2D Line Charts

The 2D Line Charts page contains several charts that model the bending moment, deflection, rotation, contact force, shear, axial deflection, torsion, tension and torque in the BHA.

The X-Axis for every chart represents the distance along the BHA from the bit, while the Y-Axis represents the magnitude of each output being modelled.

A magenta line indicates the maximum value on each chart. Hover over a point on each chart to see more information, including the BHA component that is present at that point.

3.5.2 – 2D Contour Plots

The charts in the 2D Contour Plots model the same outputs as the 2D line charts. However, in every chart the Y-Axis shows the OD of the BHA components. The shape of each chart shows the high side deflection of the BHA.

For each chart, the chart is coloured to represent the magnitude of the output being modelled. Refer to the key beside each chart, or hover over a point on each chart to see the exact output value, including the BHA component that is present at that point.

3.5.3 – 3D Charts

The 3D Chart result visualises the BHA in a 3D space while displaying results from the 2D Contour Plots results.

The chart is centred on the work sight circle. Use the up and down arrow keys on your keyboard to move the work sight up and down the drill string. The overlay in the top left will display the BHA analysis output values for that point. The chart can be rotated by left-clicking and dragging the mouse, and can be zoomed in and out using the mouse scroll wheel. The size of the BHA on the chart represents the OD of each component, while the shape of the BHA represents the high side deflection at each point.

Beneath the chart are a number of options that can be toggled:

Wellbore: Toggles the display of the wellbore.

Overlay: Toggle this option off to hide the text overlay in the top left.

Contact Force: When toggled on, the chart will display vector arrows that show the direction and magnitude of the contact force between the BHA and the wellbore.

Vertical Scale: Toggles the Z-Axis of the chart, representing TVD.

Colour by Bending Moment: When toggled on, the colour of the BHA represents the magnitude of the total bending moment output. When toggled off, it represents the shear load output.

Worksight: Toggling this off will hide the work sight circle.

3.5.4 – BHA Directional Tendency

This chart predicts the build/drop rate of the BHA at a range of inclination values, against a range of either WOB or motor bend values specified by the user. The red lines represent sliding activity and the blue lines represent rotating activity. The X-Axis displays the inclination of the wellbore, while the Y-Axis displays the predicted build rate. Hover over a point on a line to see the predicted build/drop rate at the specified inclination.

When viewing this chart, additional options become available in the BHA BUR Params tab that appears in the Input Tables section below the chart. Note that if any changes are made, the user must select the Calculate function to re-run the model.

Variable: Select the input parameter that will be varied. Users have a choice between WOB or motor bend.

Star/End WOB: If WOB is selected in the Variable option above, enter the range of WOB values that will be modelled.

Start/End Motor Bend: If motor bend is selected in the Variable option above, enter the range of motor bend values that will be modelled.

Start/End Inc: Enter the range of inclination values that will be modelled.

Rotating: Unselecting this option will move the rotating lines from the chart.

3.5.5 – BHA Critical RPM

This chart shows the predicted BHA modes that the driller should avoid. A BHA mode is a combination of WOB/INC and RPM that cause lateral vibration in the drill string which coincides with the strings natural frequencies. This can cause excessive vibration in the string.

When viewing this chart, additional options become available in the BHA RPM Params tab that appears in the Input Tables section below the chart. Note that if any changes are made, the user must select the Calculate function to re-run the model.

Variable: Select the input parameter that will be varied. Users have a choice between WOB or Inclination. When WOB is chosen, the model will be run at the inclination of the wellbore at the Calculation Depth. If Inclination is chosen, the model will run at the WOB set in the Input Parameters section. The Y-Axis label will change to show the chosen parameter.

Start/End WOB: If WOB is selected in the Variable option above, enter the range of WOB values that will be modelled.

Start/End Inc: If Inclination is selected in the Variable option above, enter the range of inclination values that will be modelled.

3.5.6 – BHA Mode Shapes

The BHA Mode Shapes chart is used in conjunction with the BHA Critical RPM chart. It displays the magnitude of each BHA mode identified in the Critical RPM chart, as well as the location of the vibration in the string. The Y-Axis displays the magnitude of the vibration, expressed as displacement from the centre line of the string. The X-Axis displays the position of the vibration in the string, expressed as distance from the bit.

Note that modes with a relatively large magnitude can distort the scale of the chart. To view a mode with a smaller magnitude, it can be useful to hide other modes by clicking on them in the legend.

The Input Parameters and Input Tables can be hidden by clicking on the to the top right of each section. This provides more space to view the results charts.

A new case can be created by clicking on the icon, or deleted by clicking on the icon. If the user has created multiple cases, double left clicking on the case name will display the list for the user to choose from. Click on the icon to rename the selected case. After a case has been created / selected, the other inputs can be entered.

BHA: Select the drill string that will be used for this case. BHA’s created in the Drill String page for the well will be available here. Once selected, the components for the drill string will populate the Drill String table in the Input Tables section. A new blank string can be created by clicking on the icon, or deleted by clicking on the icon. Click on the icon to rename the selected string. Double left clicking on the BHA name provides a list of available BHA’s for the user to choose from.

Wellbore: This section is where the user can create and select the casing and open hole details that make up the wellbore. A new wellbore can be created by clicking on the icon, or deleted by clicking on the icon. Click on the icon to rename the currently loaded wellbore. Once a wellbore has been created, the details that define the Wellbore e.g. Comp type, OD and ID, are entered in the Input Tables section.

Clicking on the icon beside Select Case or BHA allows the user to copy an existing case or BHA from another well into the currently selected well.

The dialog will display wells that have engineering cases/BHAs set up. Click on the to expand each operator and well, or use the search bar at the top of the dialog. Select the desired case/BHA by clicking in the check box to the left of each one, and then select Import.

Enter new rows into a table by filling in the information for the new row in the area at the bottom of the page, next to the symbol. When all of the information for the new row is entered, it will automatically be added to the table.

Rows in each table can be deleted by clicking on the symbol.

Click on the icon beside each component to display its component properties. The Engineering Dashboard only displays component properties that are relevant to the Engineering Dashboard calculations. To access any properties relevant to daily reporting, the user should go to the drill string section of the portal.

To do so, hover over the icon at the bottom right of each results chart to reveal the Chart Controls menu. Then select the Calculate function to model the case and populate the results charts. If any changes are made to the inputs, the calculate button will need to be clicked again to re-run the calculations.

Hover over the icon at the bottom right of each results chart to reveal the Chart Controls menu.

Calculate: After entering input data, the user must click on this option to run the calculations. This will populate the results charts. If any changes are made to the inputs, the calculate button will need to be clicked again to re-run the case.

Refresh Drilling Parameters: This is used in conjunction with the Show Slide Sheet Parameters and Show WITS Data options. If any Slide Sheet or WITS data associated with the current well is updated, the user will need to click the Refresh Drilling Parameters button to update the charts.

Casing Symbols: Adds lines to represent the casing shoe depths on the charts. These depths are taken from the Wellbore input table.

Show Legend: Toggles the display of the chart legend to the right of each chart.

Shade Buckling: Only available in the Drillers Hook Loads chart or the On/Off Bottom Tension Snapshot charts. This will shade the area to the left of the buckling lines on these charts

Shade Limits: Only available when viewing the Kick Tolerance chart. This will apply a block of colour to the areas covered by each kick tolerance limit. These limits are defined in the Kick Tolerance Limits input table.

Show Slide Sheet Parameters: Toggle on to display drilling parameter data recorded in the Slide Sheet page on the chart. If the data in the Slide Sheet page is updated, the charts must be refreshed by clicking on the Refresh Drilling Parameters button beside the Calculate button.

Show WITS Data: Toggle on display WITS data on the chart. Requires WITS data for the well to be stored in the Data Acquisition section. If the stored WITS data is updated, the charts must be refreshed by clicking on the Refresh Drilling Parameters button beside the Calculate button.

Select BHAs: Only relevant if Show Slide Sheet Parameters is toggled on. Allows the user to choose which BHA(s) have their slide sheet data displayed on the chart. The user can toggle on multiple BHAs at the same time.

Select WITS Depth Range: Only relevant if Show WITS Data is toggled on. Allows the user to restrict the WITS data to only be displayed in the selected measured depth range.

PDF Settings: Opens the PDF Print Settings dialog. This dialog allows the user to customize which results are printed when they print one of the full PDF format reports using the PDF option.

Export XLSX: Exports the data points used to plot the currently opened results chart to an Excel format file.

Export PDF: Prints a full results report in PDF format. There are four reports available – Hydraulics, Torque and Drag, Well Control and BHA Analysis. The chart that the user currently has open dictates which report is printed. For example, if you are viewing a Pump Pressure chart then it will print a Hydraulics report. Each report will contain all relevant inputs for that section. The results that are printed can be customized using the PDF Print Settings option.